People who
have the habit of
1. Eating
spicy foods.
2. Not
eating on time.
3. Coffee
lovers.
4. Take
medication for pain on an empty stomach frequently.
5. Smoking.
6. Drinking
soda.
7. Have
accumulated stress.
8. Anxiety
regularly.
Symptoms
that these people often find, is the abdominal pain from excess acid in the
stomach. In the future this symptoms can lead to gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcers or acid reflux. The drugs used to relieve symptoms, one of them is "antacid".
How
do antacids work?
The
mechanism of action of antacids is neutralizing the
acid in the stomach or intestines.
When the
acidity reduced, the corrosion of acid to cause ulcers or lesions are mild
enough to result to relieve the symptoms of abdominal pain and others.
Types
of antacids
1. Drugs that
contain the compound of aluminum Hydroxide (AlOH3).
2. Drugs
that contain the compound of Magnesium hydroxide (MgOH2) Tri magnesium silicate
or magnesium carbonate (MgCO3).
Both of
drugs above are often used together. Both drugs are absorbed into the
bloodstream a little. They have specific action in the stomach, so they do not interfere acid -
base in the body.
Side effect
of both drugs: Aluminium Hydroxide cause constipation, Magnesium hydroxide
cause diarrhea.
So, they
makes a little effect to digestive system, when used as the combination of two
drugs
Aluminium
Hydroxide may be used to reduce the amount of phosphorus in the blood in
patients with kidney disease. While Magnesium hydroxide should cautiously be
used in patients with kidney disease.
So the combination
of two drugs should not be used in patients with kidney disease. Drugs in this
group, such as Antacil, Maalox, Alum milk
3. Drugs that
contain the compound of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or sodamint.
Sodium
bicarbonate is a type of fast-acting antacid. However it inactivates quickly,
the effective of treatment is shortly.
Thailand Bangkok
Precaution
of this drug:
Sodamint
can be absorbed through the stomach into the bloodstream, it can cause blood
and urine alkaline conditions more than normal. As well as having a lot of
sodium in the blood stream.
This
medication is suitable to be used to relieve excess acid or gastrointestinal irritation
while the symptoms are occurring. But it is not suitable for use regularly
continue to control the acidity.
The drug is
used to reduce the acid in the digestive tract. But you may find the use of
sodium bicarbonate to control the conditions of acidity in the blood in
patients with kidney disease. such as ENO.
4. Drugs that
contain the compound of calcium carbonate (CaCO3).
Effective
of the treatment and onset of this drug are rather moderate. Calcium carbonate may
cause constipation.
Other
drugs that support the effectiveness of antacids
1. Simethicone
or Dimethyl Polysiloxane poly (MPS).
Simethicone
is surfactant that can drain bubbles and gas out of digestive food in stomach. So
it used to relieve dyspepsia or abdominal distention due to excessive gas in
stomach and intestines. Drug in this group, such as Air-X.
2. Bismuth
subsalicylate.
As a bactericide is used to treat an infection that causes excess acid in the
stomach.
The drug can
reduce acid a little. Drugs in this group, such as Gastro-bismol.
3. Algenic
acid or sodium Alginate.
Algenic
acid is the same substance of the starch. It can swell to gel when exposed to gastric acid, and then can capturing the carbon dioxide and become to be foam. The
foam is viscous and floating on the surface of the digestive food in the
stomach. So it can reduce vapor of gastric acid to the esophagus, and reduce irritation of stomach from
gastric acid.
This drug
is often used in combination with other antacids such as sodium bicarbonate. Drugs
in this group include Gaviscon. (Gaviscon is a drug containing sodium
bicarbonate. calcium carbonate and sodium Alginate.)
(Gaviscon
Dual Action has the amount of drug more than usual formula Gaviscon)
Reference:
1. Hoogerwerf WA, Pasricha
PJ. Agent used for control of gastric acidity and treatment of peptic ulcers
and gastroesophageal reflux disease. In: Hardman JG, Limbird LE, editors. Goodman
& Gilman's the pharmacological basis of therapeutics. 10th ed. New York
2. Bismuth subsalicylate. In:
DRUGDEX System (database on Internet). Ann
Arbor
3. Erwin K, et al. Drug
Fact and Comparisons. Missouri
4. Mandel KG, Daggy BP, Brodie
DA, Jacoby HI. Review article: alginate-raft formulations in the treatment of
heartburn and acid reflux. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2000 Jun; 14 (6): 669-90.
5. MIMS
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